Growing shallot: Shallot are a spice plant used for processing, marinating dishes. Shallot are easy to grow, bringing high economic efficiency
The technical process of growing an Shallot is divided into the following steps:
Step 1: Choose the same
Each Shallot needs 15 – 20 kg of seed. Choose firm tubers, round bottom, dark purple, not infected, young roots have not sprouted, are not crushed. Peeling into each nose (light).
It is recommended to treat tubers with Nativo solution of 750WG at 1% (3 gr / 3 liters of water) + Kasumin 2L (1%) bacterial spray to spray onions before planting.
+ Or treat tubers by soaking in Rovral 50WP 2% solution + Kasumin 2L (1%) for 5 – 10 minutes.
+ Handling seedlings after planting to prevent pests: Mix 1 pack of Nativo 750WG (3 g) + 1 pack of Confidor 700 WG (1 g) + Kasumin 2L (1%) for 1 12 liter spray bottle of 1.5 average for 1 North pole (360 m2).
Mix the medicine mixture to spray or dip the Shallot to wet, drain and cut lightly from the top of the bulb and the dry root at the root of about 0.5 cm.
Step 2: Prepare the soil
The best soil for growing Shallot is light meat soil, sand mixed soil, especially the soil that is rotated with wet rice. The soil must be plowed carefully, sprinkled with lime (15-20 kg / rod), raised on beds with a height of 25-30 cm, 1- 1.2m wide, then proceed to level the surface. It is necessary to treat fungal pathogens in beds with a fungicide Validacin (15-20 ml / bottle, 16 l / rod). Spray before planting about 2-3 days.
The best fertilizer for Shallot needs a decomposed animal manure – composted compost with NPK (4 – 5 quintal of manure mixed with 25-30 kg of NPK type 5: 10: 3 or 10 kg of NPK fertilizer Buffalo Head 13 -13-13 + TE).
– Manure should be mixed with soil on the bed surface, then flattened and planted Shallot to provide early nutrition for Shallots after planting, while limiting the penetration of harmful microorganisms (fungi, bacteria). in manure causes damaging tubers.
Step 3: Planting techniques
Season: Shallot which prefer cold weather, so it is best to plant winter Shallot when the weather starts to get a bit chilly (the difference between day and night is large). Specifically, early crop: planting from 20-8 – 5-9 (mainly for commercial tubers). Main season: from October 1 to October 20 (planting roots for use as seed).
Planting method: Water should be moistened with Shallot before planting. Shallot are firmly grounded in beds, about 1/3 deep. Do not plug deeper or deeper limit the growth of onions (fall or rot). Depending on the size of the bed, arrange rows so that the rows are 22-25 cm apart, 20 cm from the trees.
Fertilizing the plants: Compost compost: 7 – 8 quintals (or 30kg of compost); Urea: 8 – 9 kg; Phosphate: 25 – 30 kg; Potassium fertilizer: 7-8 kg / sao. Divide into 4 times: Apply primer: 2 kg of urea + 18 kg of super phosphate + 1 kg of potassium.
Apply evenly on the bed, mix thoroughly with leveled soil or evenly fertilize the field before making the final small soil (do not let the tubers come into direct contact with the manure).
– Ending time 1: 10 – 15 days after planting: 2 kg of urea + 3.5 kg of super phosphate + 1 kg of potassium.
– End 2: after the first from 15-20 days: 4 kg of urea + 5 kg of super phosphate + 2 kg of potassium.
– End 3: Post-planting day 55 – 60: 1 kg of urea +3,5 kg of super phosphate + 3 kg of potassium.
* Note: Shallot needs a good amount of micronutrients (Cu, Bo, Mn), if the Shallot field is underdeveloped, the leaves are dry or bent, then use 1 pack of micro-fertilizers + 0.5 slices of white potassium / bottle 18 liters of water sprayed the next day after watering will help increase the efficiency of fertilizer use and limit plants suffering from diseases.
Harvesting: In the period of 55-60 days, the bulbs turn red, the leaves have fallen 80%, then begin to spit, usually in the sun 2-3 days for the soft leaves to be easily transported away. Shallot should only be harvested on dry days. Pulling the tubers into the basket and moving to the storage place, avoiding scratching or stamping the outer skin, will affect the storage period. For Shallot production in 4-5 months, to keep the seed, harvest 40 –45 days after planting (old bulbs stop growing so that they can spoil the bulbs) Storage: Sun exposure 10-15 days, real straw Dry, to be free of pests and diseases, pile up from 1 to 5 m high, cover one layer of onions with one layer of straw, position the stack in the sky, airy or hang the whole bunch of onions in a well-ventilated place, store chemical medicines by marinating a mixture of 40 kg of Tale + Sevin + Rovral powder / 1 ton of Shallot.
